Almost all of the expectant mothers usually notice that their gums have been bothering them more that the usual. This is due to the fact that all of the organs in a woman’s body, including the mouth and gums, undergo multiple changes as it adapts to pregnancy. Most women experience swollen gums which typically signals a condition called pregnancy gingivitis. This has been attributed to the increased hormonal changes which would leave the mouth more susceptible to plaque, bacterial infections and periodontal disease.
A lot of reasons have been identified as to why the gums become very sensitive during pregnancy. As early as the 10th week of pregnancy, swollen gums become noticeable and becomes more common in the second trimester. This is due to the increased blood volume and circulation to the body, between 30% and 50%. This ensures that the baby is well provided for with the necessary nutrients needed to grow and develop. The gum tissues begin to soften because of the increased amount of blood that circulates in the body contributing to the swelling and tenderness in the mouth. As this continues, the softening and gum swelling would likely be increased.
During pregnancy, the levels of estrogen and progesterone begin to change which increases its sensitivity in the mouth to dental plaque. It will peak during the 8th month and usually improves during the 9th month, as the hormonal levels change. It then affects the body’s normal response to bacterial infections which leads to gum problems. Plaque would then build up easily on the teeth making it more susceptible to periodontitis.
Morning sickness also plays a small role in the contribution to periodontitis. A lot of women have found themselves to have the aversion to the taste or even the smell of toothpastes. This makes it more difficult for them to maintain good dental hygiene. Increased vomiting during pregnancy can also take a toll on the gums because the stomach acid is capable of eating away the gums and teeth, making the mouth very sensitive.
It is very important to take pregnancy gingivitis very seriously. This is because if it is left untreated, it may lead to advanced periodontitis, tooth loss and even worst. This disease has been link to higher risk of premature birth and has been found that women with periodontal disease are seven times more likely to give birth prematurely. That is why it is highly recommended to visit a dentist or periodontist to get the best treatment for periodontitis that is safe for the both the baby and the mother.